Actually it is very big process and it is divided into three steps. Crawling and Indexing, Algorithms and Fighting Spam. It is a HTML 5 website which will walk through every step as you scroll down. Take a look at Google's 'How Search Works'.
When we scroll all the way to down, you will find how much time we spend on this page and how many searches were happened during this time. I like this real time data.
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